View source for User:Orso.b.schmid

Ciao,

I am Orso, an Italian Vectorscripter since many years. I feel very comfortable with Vectorscript (from now on: VS) but will now switch over to Python for even more power.
I will try to share here comments, problems -and solutions- from the point of view of a non-programmer. --[[User:Orso.b.schmid|Orso.b.schmid]] ([[User talk:Orso.b.schmid|talk]]) 08:13, 17 May 2015 (EDT)

Open the terminal on your Mac and write
 python
try snippets there (or in an editor of your choice if you prefer)

== VS <> Py Terms ==

{| class="wikitable"
! description !! VS !! python
|-
| assignment operator 
| <code>:=</code>
| <code>=</code>
|-
| empty handle
| <code>NIL</code>
| <code>None</code>
|-
| concatenate text
| <code>Concat(text1, ' ', text2)</code>
| <code> text1 + ' ' + text2</code>
|}

== Lists ==

Lists are powerful in Python, below some fascinating lists manipulations. They remind me of Applescript:
<code lang="py">
months = "Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul"
months = months.split() # no splitter defined and it will use the empty space --> ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul']
months[2] # --> 'Mar' note that the index is 0-based
months2 = "Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul"
months2.split(', ') # --> ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul'] use comma and empty space as splitter 
months.append('Jul') # --> ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul'] append adds an item to a list 
months.pop() #- -> 'Jul' pop fetches the last item of a list
', sunny '.join(months) # --> ', sunny Jan, sunny Feb, sunny Mar, sunny Apr, sunny May, sunny Jun, sunny Sep'
'-'.join(months[1:3]) # --> 'Feb-Mar'
del months[2] # --> ['Jan', 'Feb', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul']
months = {1: 'Jan', 2: 'Feb', 3: 'Mar'} # --> {1: 'Jan', 2: 'Feb', 3: 'Mar'}
</code>

== Increment a var ==
So far I have spent a really inordinate amount of time trying to increment a counter from within a calllback routine. In VS one does it like this:

<code lang="pas">cnt := cnt +1; { variable cnt is incremented }</code>

For example:

<code lang="pas">
PROCEDURE Test;
VAR
    cnt : INTEGER; { variable scope here is global for this script }

    { callback subroutine fitting ForEachObject }
    PROCEDURE DoSomething(h: HANDLE);
        BEGIN
            { ... do something }
            cnt := cnt +1; { global variable is incremented }
        END;
BEGIN
    cnt := 0; { explicit is better than implicit :) }
    ForEachObject(DoSomething, (ALL)); { pick objects by criteria, there the variable cnt will increment }
    AlrtDialog(Concat('Did something ', cnt, ' times.'));
END;
Run(Test);
</code>

How do I get this done in Python? It's not as easy as it looks like. I thought that this would work:

<code lang="py">cnt += 1</code>

For example:

<code lang="py">
import vs;
cnt = 0 # explicit is better than implicit :)

def DoSomething(h):
    # ... do something
    cnt += 1 # variable should be incremented

vs.ForEachObject(DoSomething, '(ALL)')  # pick objects by criteria, there the variable cnt will increment
vs.AlrtDialog(vs.Concat('Did something ', cnt, ' times.'))
</code>

 Error: UnboundLocalError: local variable can't be referenced before assignment

But it doesn't work from within '''DoSomething''' and I can't turn DoSomething into a function outputting an integer, otherwise it won't fit the required callback syntax expected by [[VS:ForEachObject| ForEachObject]]

Searching the web I found out that I am not alone in this misery. See [http://www.reddit.com/r/Python/comments/wbs1o/best_way_to_increment_of_1_in_python this], LOL. This comment wins, on my opinion: "We can make Python ask Perl to ask C."

Now I'll try this mysterious approach treating the variable as a list (http://bytes.com/topic/python/answers/46419-how-does-one-write-function-increments-number source):
<code lang="py">
def incr(counters): counters[0] += 1

counters =[100]
incr(counters)
print counters [101]
</code>

== Python caching ==

From the SDK, introduced by VW 2014:
 varPersistentPythonEngine = 412 { Boolean }
''When True the Python engine is the same for the execution of all scripts, this solves some issues with Py_Initialize and Py_Finalize. For example, when debugging externally python leaves threas that cause crash if Py_Initialize and Py_Finalize is used for each script call. So, this allows the engine to be preserved between calls, however Vectorworks will delete all custom modules and objects defined in the engine prior each execution.''

== Used Python Version ==

import sys
ver = sys.version_info
vs.Message(repr(ver))


== Encryption ==

Vlado about encryption with multiple files:
https://techboard.vectorworks.net/ubbthreads.php?ubb=showflat&Number=197639&Searchpage=1&Main=39809&Words=python&Search=true#Post197639